ASSESSMENT OF FAAJI FM'S LADUGBOMI PROGRAMME AS A TOOL FOR CREATING FLOOD AWARENESS AND PREVENTION IN ALIMOSHO LGA

TOPIC IS SUITABLE FOR:
1-Mass Communication Department
2-Environmental Management Department
3-Geography Department
4-Public Administration Department

TOPIC: ASSESSMENT OF FAAJI FM'S LADUGBOMI PROGRAMME AS A TOOL FOR CREATING FLOOD AWARENESS AND PREVENTION IN ALIMOSHO LGA

TABLE OF CONTENT
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Hypotheses
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Review
2.4 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample Size
3.4 Sampling Technique
3.5 Instrument for Data Collection
3.6 Validity of the Instrument
3.7 Reliability of the Instrument
3.8 Method of Data Collection
3.9 Method of Data Analysis
3.10 Ethical Consideration
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Data Presentation
4.2 Demographic Analysis
4.3 Analysis of the Level of Exposure of Residents in Alimosho LGA to the Ladugbomi Programme on Faaji FM
4.4 Analysis of the Influence of the Ladugbomi Programme on Residents' Knowledge of Flood Prevention and Control Measures
4.5 Analysis of Residents' Perception of the Effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in Creating Flood Awareness
4.6 Analysis of the Challenges Limiting the Effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in Promoting Flood Awareness and Prevention
4.7 Test of Hypotheses
4.8 Discussion of Findings
4.8.1 Discussion on the Level of Exposure of Residents in Alimosho LGA to the Ladugbomi Programme on Faaji FM
4.8.2 Discussion on the Influence of the Ladugbomi Programme on Residents' Knowledge of Flood Prevention and Control Measures
4.8.3 Discussion on Residents' Perception of the Effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in Creating Flood Awareness
4.8.4 Discussion on the Challenges Limiting the Effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in Promoting Flood Awareness and Prevention
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of the Study
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Limitations of the Study
5.5 Recommendations
5.6 Suggestions for Further Studies
References
Appendix

ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to assess the Ladugbomi Programme on Faaji FM as a tool for creating flood awareness and prevention in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State. The study was specifically carried out to determine the level of exposure of residents in Alimosho LGA to the Ladugbomi Programme on Faaji FM, examine the influence of the Ladugbomi Programme on residents' knowledge of flood prevention and control measures, assess residents' perception of the effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in creating flood awareness, and identify the challenges limiting the effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in promoting flood awareness and prevention in Alimosho LGA. The study employed the descriptive survey research design. The study population comprised 2,047,000 adult residents of Alimosho Local Government Area, Lagos State, while a total of 400 respondents were selected as sample size using the Taro Yamane formula. Out of the 400 questionnaires distributed, 372 were returned and 363 were validated for analysis. The questionnaire was used for data collection, while the data collected were analyzed using frequency tables, mean scores, standard deviations, and Chi-Square (χ²) analysis with the aid of SPSS version 27. From the responses obtained and analyzed, the findings revealed that residents had a high level of exposure to the Ladugbomi Programme with a grand mean of 3.86. The study also showed that the Ladugbomi Programme had a significant influence on residents' knowledge of flood prevention and control measures as indicated by χ² = 132.64, p = .000. Likewise, residents perceived the Ladugbomi Programme to be effective in creating flood awareness as indicated by χ² = 148.27, p = .000, while the study further identified inadequate government support, insufficient community follow-up campaigns, inadequate airtime, poor public interest in environmental issues, poor access to radio, and communication barriers as major challenges limiting the effectiveness of the programme. The study concluded that the Ladugbomi Programme serves as an effective indigenous radio platform for promoting flood awareness and improving residents' knowledge of flood prevention and control measures in Alimosho Local Government Area. The study therefore recommends that Faaji FM should increase the airtime devoted to flood awareness programmes, government agencies should strengthen collaboration with the station in environmental communication, community stakeholders should support follow-up environmental sensitization campaigns, and the station should adopt additional interactive platforms to improve audience participation and message effectiveness.
Keywords: Ladugbomi Programme, Faaji FM, Flood Awareness, Flood Prevention, Environmental Communication, Alimosho LGA.

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION (Preview)
1.1 Background of the Study
Throughout history, the development of human society has proven that communication is an essential tool that can help transform society, engage in civic participation and achieve sustainable development. In various societies, providing timely and credible information has increased the public awareness of topics related to governance, public health, education, environmental sustainability and disaster preparedness. The media is now therefore seen as a powerful tool which go beyond its traditional role of disseminating information to create a space for influencing people's perception, acquiring knowledge and promote responsible behaviours(Muritala et al.,2023). The combination of radio, TV, newspapers and now the new digital platforms has vastly increased the ability of governments, institutions and communities to communicate messages of development to a variety of audiences. Communication was still crucial in the promotion of collective consciousness as it enabled informed decision-making and empowered public engagement in developmental activities (Marcus,2021). Likewise, Oko-Epelle and Talabi (2024) noted that with the increasing times, media communication has contributed immensely to the advancement of the society through different mediums used to convey complex issues of the public to heterogeneous audience for easy understanding. Chukwuma et al. (2021) also affirmed that continuous communication of development information had increased citizens' awareness and led to their increased involvement in development activities aimed at improving the well-being of the community members.
However, more recently the developmental role of communication has been extended to environmental management, where media platforms are used to raise public awareness about ecological problems and to inspire preventive measures. Environmental communication is a structured and systematic information exchange that aims to improve the public's understanding of the environment, nature hazards, conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Under this wide umbrella, the term ‘flood awareness' refers to the on-going education of individuals and communities about the drivers, warning signs, impacts, preparedness and response to flooding, while ‘flood prevention' indicates a set of coordinated actions, policies and behavior that seek to prevent flooding and/or minimize its potential effects. Radio has continued to hold a special place in the promotion of the above goals due to its accessibility, timeliness, ability to be translated into local languages and good penetration of audiences from both socio-economic classes. Ottah (2023) indicated that radio broadcasting had served as an effective medium in the dissemination of environmental information as it made the technical information understandable to the local people. Similarly, Abdulrauf et al. (2025) noted that well-planned educational radio programs have boosted environmental awareness and knowledge of disaster preparedness among the general public. This communicative capacity had also further solidified the importance of radio as an indispensable tool for creating awareness of the environment and preventive behavioural orientation (Shodipe et al, 2024).
The availability of environmental messages in the media and in what form is, to a large extent, determined by how well the message can be adapted to the linguistic, cultural and socio-economic reality of the target group. Community-oriented broadcasting thus plays a key role in development communication as it incorporates the local experiences, indigenous languages and participatory involvement into the communication process. This will increase the credibility of the messages, which will lead to an identification of the audience with the content of the programme and to a better understanding of environmental information. Radio programmes created in the local context have more and more been used as interactive platforms where experts, broadcasters and citizens share knowledge together about environmental protection and disaster preparedness. Idowu and Zhou (2022) found that localized broadcasts had significantly increased awareness of the environment through the provision of scientific information in culturally acceptable ways that promote acceptance. Similarly, Muritala et al. (2023) observed that participatory radio was able to enhance community engagement through dialogue, clarification and sharing. Moreover, Anyango and Nyambuga (2024) argued community-based media project had improved environmental education with community member's attention to preventive measures and responding to environmental information held and sustained.
In this communication landscape, the Ladugbomi programme of Faaji FM is a localized broadcasting programme that plays a role in environmental education in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State. Faaji FM has stood out with its Yoruba language broadcasts which focus on community engagement, cultural relevance and interactive programming, whereas Ladugbomi is one of its education platforms which discusses issues of public interests such as environmental sustainability and disaster awareness. The programme offers a way in which the people are given information on flood related problems, preventive measures and appropriate action based on language and illustrations, which are relevant to their immediate social context. This can help the audience to better understand and absorb environmental knowledge within the local area. Idowu et al. (2025) claimed that community-based media campaigns had become more relevant in enhancing environmental awareness since they took into consideration local realities and expectations. In the same vein, Ogunbode et al. (2026) underscored the importance of maintaining environmental messages context-specific, culturally relevant and continuously communicated to promote effectiveness of environmental communication. As such, it is important to assess the programme titled ‘Ladugbomi' on Faaji FM, as a means of creating awareness and prevention of flooding in Alimosho Local Government Area, which would serve as basis for the role of community radio in environmental communication and public enlightenment.

1.2 Statement of the Problem
The need to spread flood awareness is now an integral part of environmental communication as it has to provide residents with knowledge to be able to identify flood hazards, know how to reduce them and act accordingly before, during and after a flood. Ramps for preparing and preventive activities are expected to be stimulated as well as understanding of the public through Radio programme in EE. The report by Ottah (2023) shows that community radio continued to play a significant role in sharing the environmental information to various audience groups. Likewise, Idowu and Zhou (2022) reported that localised broadcasting had boosted the public's environmental literacy because the messages they shared were in formats that were in line with the realities of the target audience. The ultimate goal of environmental broadcasting should be to bring about greater awareness within the population and thus more informed behaviour, in flood-prone communities.
Although the use of radio as a media for disseminating environmental education has increased, the effectiveness of radio programmes in raising awareness of floods and inducing preventive actions among listeners in certain areas remains unclear. It is hoped that communities like Alimosho Local Government Area will be equipped with environmental information that will improve their knowledge of flood causes, early warning signs and flood prevention strategies. But there was limited empirical evidence to determine the extent to which the information disseminated through the programme Ladugbomi, using Faaji FM could be seen to have been received, understood and applied to prevent floods. Shodipe et al. (2024) noted that environmental communication had to be a continuous process to achieve behaviour change while Muritala et al. (2023) emphasized the need to assess the media interventions in their local context.
This scanty evidence has led to a gap in knowledge about the role of Ladugbomi in flood awareness and prevention among the residents of Alimosho Local Government Area. Community Based Environmental Programmes should not only provide information but should also help to improve audience understanding, preventative practices and increase public preparedness for flood related events. However, there has been little empirical evaluation as yet to be able to conclude whether the programme is meeting these communication goals or to know where there is need of improvement in environmental broadcasting. Moreover, lack of programme-specific evidence contributes to a scarcity of information which could support broadcasters and other stakeholders to improve environmental communication strategies. Oko-Epelle and Talabi (2024) reiterated that communication campaigns need to be assessed to assess its impact on public awareness. As a result, the aim of this study is to evaluate the content of the Ladugbomi programme of Faaji FM, as an instrument for creating flood awareness and prevention in Alimosho Local Government Area in order to provide evidence that will help in effective environmental communication and disaster preparedness.

1.3 Objectives of the study
The main objective of this study is to assess Faaji FM's ladugbomi programme as a tool for creating flood awareness and prevention in Alimosho LGA.  The specific objectives are to: 
1.Determine the level of exposure of residents in Alimosho LGA to the Ladugbomi Programme on Faaji FM.
2.Examine the influence of the Ladugbomi Programme on residents' knowledge of flood prevention and control measures.
3.Assess residents' perception of the effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in creating flood awareness.
4.Identify the challenges limiting the effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in promoting flood awareness and prevention in Alimosho LGA.
OTHER PARTS OF CHAPTER ONE INCLUDE:
1.4 Research questions
1.5 Hypotheses
1.6 Significance of Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF LITERATURE (Preview)
This chapter critically examines relevant literature that would assist in explaining the research problem and, furthermore, recognizes the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps. This chapter, therefore, focuses on the concept of flood awareness, the concept of flood prevention, flood risk communication, the role of radio broadcasting in creating flood awareness, the role of Faaji FM's Ladugbolomi Programme in flood awareness and prevention, etc. The chapter covers the following subheadings:

2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Review
2.4 Summary of Literature Review

CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY (Preview)
Research Design: The study adopted a descriptive research design.
Population of the Study: The population of the study comprises all adult residents (aged 18 years and above) currently residing across the six Local Council Development Areas (LCDAs) which are; Agbado/Oke-Odo, Ayobo/Ipaja, Alimosho Central, Egbe/Idimu, Ikotun/Igando, and Mosan-Okunola all within the Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State who are regular listeners of Faaji 106.5 FM and specifically tune into the indigenous Yoruba programme, Ladugbomi.
Sample Size Determination: The study adopted the Taro Yamane formula to determine a sample size of 400 participants.
Sampling Technique: The study employed a multi-stage sampling technique to select the individual respondents.
Research Instrument: The study utilized a structured questionnaire titled “Assessment of Faaji FM's Ladugbomi Programme as a Tool for Creating Flood Awareness and Prevention in Alimosho LGA” as the instrument for data collection.
Methods of Data Analysis: The collected data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations to summarize and present the demographic characteristics of the respondents and their responses. Inferential statistics, such as Chi-square, were used to test the hypotheses.

CHAPTER FOUR:DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
MAJOR FINDINGS (Preview)
The analysis results were presented in tables and charts. Based on the results obtained from the analysis, the following findings are made:
i. The study found that residents in Alimosho Local Government Area have a high level of exposure to the Ladugbomi Programme on Faaji FM, as evidenced by a grand mean of 3.86, which is above the acceptance benchmark of 3.00.

ii. The study found that the Ladugbomi Programme significantly influences residents' knowledge of flood prevention and control measures in Alimosho Local Government Area, as evidenced by a grand mean of 3.95, which is above the acceptance benchmark of 3.00. The corresponding hypothesis test further showed a calculated Chi-Square (χ²) value of 132.64, degrees of freedom of 4, critical value of 9.49, and p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis.

iii. The study found that residents in Alimosho Local Government Area perceive the Ladugbomi Programme as effective in creating flood awareness, as evidenced by a grand mean of 4.01, which is above the acceptance benchmark of 3.00. The corresponding hypothesis test further showed a calculated Chi-Square (χ²) value of 148.27, degrees of freedom of 4, critical value of 9.49, and p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis.

iv. The study found that several challenges limit the effectiveness of the Ladugbomi Programme in promoting flood awareness and prevention in Alimosho Local Government Area, as evidenced by a grand mean of 3.89, which is above the acceptance benchmark of 3.00.

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter covers the following outline:
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of the Study
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Limitations of the Study
5.5 Recommendations
5.6 Suggestions for Further Studies
References
Appendix

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